Printing telegraph system



July 11, 1939.

FL VV.E(LCM[J ET AL PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM 7 Filed July 8, 1935 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 July- 11, 1939.

H. w. KLQID ET AL PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed July 8, 1935 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 July 11, 1939 H. w. KLOID ET AL I PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM v Filed July 8, 1935 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 N MW July 11, 1939.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed July 8, 1935' 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 gm"; l 5% & W

H. w. KLOID ET AL ,971

July 11, 1939. w KLQlD ET AL 2,165,971

PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed July 8, 1935 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 QMHAM 1.

y 1939- H. w. KLOID ET AL 2,155,971

PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed July 8, 1935 '7 Sheets-Sheet 6 529111914 ugpyas QZ- m M J July 11, 1939. H. w. KLOID ET AL PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed July 8, 1935 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 Q a v Patented July 11, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Application July 8, 1935, Serial No. 30,224

36 Claims.

This invention relates to printing telegraph systems, and more particularly to an electric or electro-pneumatic system whereby the typewritten matter of one machine may be reproduced in one or more machines located at a distance, through the medium of electrically controlled or electro-pneumatically controlled distributing systems which may be associated with the machines.

The present invention provides means to elec trically transmit the action of the various parts of a suitable keyboard machine to the corresponding parts of one or more similar machines located at a distance from the sending machine. This may be accomplished over a single conductor connected to each machine and which may be provided with a ground return, although a suitable wire return may be used if desired.

It is an object of the invention to provide a system in which a suitable typewriter and associated distributor may be used for both transmitting and receiving. In other words, each typewriter of a system may be provided with a suitable sending mechanism and circuits whereby typewritten matter may be transmitted to the other machines on the line and will be recorded thereon. Also, all of the machines may be provided with suitable automatic controls whereby the operation may be reversed; that is, any typewriter of the system may be operated to transmit typeso written matter to the other machines where it will be received and typewritten or may itself automatically receive and typewrite matter sent thereto. The sending mechanism of the receiving machine is automatically made inefiective during the receiving of the typewritten matter.

It is also an object to provide a combined electro-pneumatic system which is particularly arranged to enable rapid transmission of typewritten material and in which the pneumatic control is peculiarly adapted for rapid and efiective operation.

A further object is the provision of a pneumatic code selector device, preferably vacuum 45 controlled, in which all of the conduits are sealed against leakage and in which a minimum number of self-sealing valves are provided adjacent certain conduit terminals for the admission of atmospheric pressure to the conduits.

The system provides means whereby the line will be blocked in case of accidental sticking of the typewriter keys or other disarrangement or inoperativeness of the system.

The present invention provides a printing tele- 55 graph system which is so arranged that ordinary standard typewriters may be used without making any change in the machines.

Further objects will be apparent from the specification and the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the electrical system of one typewriter or station connected by a suitable line conductor and ground return to the receiving system of a distant machine.

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view through the pneumatic code bars with the selector valve also shown in section for purposes of illustration.

Fig. 3 is a somewhat diagrammatic sectional view illustrating one set of the code bar selector valves and the intercommunicating channels for controlling the pneumatic valves of the code bars.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged diagrammatic view of the pneumatic controls illustrated in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view through one of the key operating valves whereby the selected key of a receiving typewriter is pneumatically operated through a conduit controlled by the code bars.

Fig. 6 is a diagram of a complete preferred electrical system of two typewriters electrically connected for receiving and sending in either direction.

Fig. 7 is a diagram of the auxiliary control circuits or relay circuits which may be used in connection with the impulse transmitting circuit, as shown in Fig. 6, for controlling the operation of the distributors and for automatically making and breaking the circuits with suitable relays whereby the typewriters may be used interchangeably for sending or receiving.

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view of the electrical connections controlled by corresponding keys on two typewriters whereby the impulses corresponding to a legend printed on one typewriter may be transmitted to operate a corresponding key on another.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a portion of the mechanism operable by a standard typewriter whereby the electrical connections may be made for sending selected impulses, in accordance with a suitable code, only a single sending contact being shown in this view.

Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic top plan view of the code bars and illustrates the arrangement of open and closed pneumatic pouches therein in accordmental arrangement illustrated diagram1natically in Fig. 1 comprises the electrical impulsesending system of one typewriter at one station, shown diagrammatically in connection with the electro-pneumatic distributing and printing or receiving system of another typewriter at a distant station. It will be apparent that suitable synchronized distributors may be used with each typewriter or, at least, at each station and electrically connected as shown.

In Fig. 1 suitable distributors l6 and H are provided and these distributors may each comprise a fixed insulating disk I2 on which is mounted a collector ring i3 and suitable arcuate distributor segments [4. The segments M are insulated from each other and from the collector ring l3, one of the segments being always electrically connected to the ring it by means of a suitable brush 15. The brush l5 is secured on a rotatable arm [6, frictionally mounted on suit-- able drive shaft H, which latter may be driven from a suitable motor, not shown. That is, the arm I6 is connected to the shaft I? by means of a suitable friction clutch which may be similar to that illustrated in Fig. 11, whereby the arm it will rotate with the shaft when it is not restrained. Any suitable type of clutch may be used which will operate to drive the arm 56 when it is released. It will be understood that the motors for driving the distributors may be continuously operated in synchronism by any suitable well known method.

For convenience in describing the operation of the system, the segments of the distributors l8 and II at the corresponding stations are numbered consecutively from 1 to 7, as shown in Fig. 1, and the segments. l to B, inclusive, correspond to suitable impulse sending contacts and also to pneumatic code selector bars which will be described later. The segment 1 forms a part of a circuit controlled by a so-called universal bar or contact lever of the code sending mechanism. The distributor arms l6 and l6 are normally retained stationary and in the position illustrated in Fig. 1 by means of stop arms or latches l8 pivoted at l9 and each provided with a spring 2!} normally tending to release the latch and to allow the distributor arm to rotate. The latch I8 is normally retained in the locking position illustrated and against the tension of the spring 2!! by means of a normally energized start-stop magnet 2 I in series in the line circuit, whereby the distributor arm is retained in the position illustrated and normally prevented from rotation with the shaft H.

It will be understood that the sending arrangement shown at the left of Fig. 1 is also provided with a receiving system such as is shown at the right-hand side of this. View and, vice versa, the receiving device at the right-hand side of this view is equipped with a sending system similar to that shown at the left of the view. These sending and receiving systems are electrically interconnected for automatic control in a manner which will be described later.

The start-stop magnets 2| at each station are normally in series through the line 22 and are simultaneously operable when sending from either station; therefore a description of the operation of one is believed to be sufiicient for both.

In the operation of the device, the normally closed circuit of the magnet 2| may be broken and the latch l8 will then be raised by the spring 20, thereby releasing the arm l6 which will rotate once with the shaft l'l, due to its frictional connection therewith, and during the latter part of this. rotation the circuit of the magnet 2| will again be closed and the arm IE will be engaged and stopped in its original position, as shown, after completing one revolution. During the revolution of the arm It, the brushes l5 will successively electrically connect all of the segments l to l, inclusive, to the collector ring 53, whereby the selected impulses transmitted to any of these segments will be sent over a suitable line conductor 22 electrically connecting the collector rings l3. The impulses will, of course, be transmitted from the distributor is to the distributor ii and the synchronous operation of the arms 56 and Mi will cause the tran mission of the selected impulses to corresponding distributing selector magnets 23 forming a part of the selector system of the receiving station. The magnets 23 are, for convenience. numbered from i to 5, inclusive, to correspond with the segments I to 6, inclusive, of the distributors to which they are connected and through which the impulses are received.

The segment 1 in each of the distributors is the last one electrically connected to the collector ring l3 through the brush 15 during the rotation of the arm l6 and this segment remains connected thereto until another revolution of the arm. This is for the purpose of connecting the latch controlling magnet 2! to the line and maintaining the circuit closed until the operation of another typewriter key.

A supplementary control circuit, including a solenoid associated with the latch I8 may be used if desired to insure that the distributors make only one revolution for each key operation. This control, although desirable, is not essential and will be described later.

The electrical system. illustrated in Fig. 6 is similar to that shown in Fig. 1, with the exception that a complete electrical system for both sending and receiving is illustrated at both stations in connection with each typewriter and the pneumatic mechanism which also forms a part of the system at each station is not shown, K

although the selector magnets 23 for controlling the pneumatic selectors are diagrammatically illustrated. Also, the auxiliary control circuits, including the relays, are completely illustrated and are shown in connection with a slightly different type of synchronous distributor. Fig. 1 merely shows a conventional means for breaking the distributor control circuit, although the control circuit shown in Fig. 6 is preferable.

The distributors illustrated in Fig. 6 are somewhat different from those shown in Fig. 1, although they may be used interchangeably. Each distributor comprises a cam-disk 24 which may be frictionaliy or otherwise suitably connected to be driven by the drive shaft H in a similar manner as the arm l6 previously described. The disk 24 is provided with a cam portion 25 having an elongated cam surface corresponding to the impulse time period. The cam 25 is provided with a pin 26 normally engaged by the latch it in the same manner as previously described for the distributor arm l6. This cam. is released in the same manner by breaking the circuit of the magnet 26, and, during the rotation of the camdisk 24, suitable contacts corresponding to the segments in Fig. 1 are successively closed to connect the impulse transmitting circuits to the main impulse line 22 and to again close the circuit of the start-stop magnet 2| and prevent more than one complete revolution of the cam-disk 24. These contacts correspond to the segments I to 1, inclusive, previously described with relation to Fig. 1 and are similarly numbered l to l, inclusive, to correspond therewith.

Referring again to Fig. 1, associated with each typewriter is a set of normally open contacts indicated by the reference characters I to 6, inclusive, also a so-called universal contact or switch I which will be described later. These contacts are controlled by the operation of corresponding levers numbered l to 6 inclusive, and a universal bar lever 1 as shown. The levers are illustrated in detail in Fig. 9 and are pivoted at 21 on any suitable support on which a standard typewriter may be positioned to cooperate therewith. The levers are provided with parallel rods 28 and 29 secured thereto and extending under the keys of the typewriter, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 9. A vertically movable code member or plunger 30 is located under each key and in a position to be depressed when the key is operated. The upper end of each plunger is sheared at 30 to provide a pocket toreceive the key. The code members 30 are provided with forwardly extending spaced lugs 3| and rearwardly extending lugs 32. These lugs 3| and 32 are in a position to engage the bars 28 and 29, respectively, when the typewriter keys are operated. The lugs on all of the plungers 3B are arranged to correspond to a predetermined code. For instance, the plunger 30 illustrated in Figs. I and 9 is positioned directly under a typewriter key 33, which latter may correspond to the letter A or any other predetermined legend on the typewriter.

The plunger 30 to be operated by the key 33 is provided with two forwardly extending lugs 3| which are arranged to depress the levers l and 2 when the key 33 is operated and thereby close the sending contacts l and 2 to send the desired predetermined impulses through the segments 1 and 2 of the distributor when the arm I6 is permitted to rotate. During the downward movement of the plunger 30, the oppositely disposed lugs 32 engage the rods 29 and cause their cooperating levers 3 to 6 inclusive, to be reset and thereby open the corresponding contacts so that no impulse will be sent over their corresponding segments. The levers l to 6 inclusive, are each provided with a spring 33 (Fig. 9) whereby the levers operate in the same manner as toggle switch levers; that is, when the lugs engage the rods 28 to force the forward end of the levers downwardly, the levers will operate with a toggle snap action to quickly close the contacts I and 2 while the engagement of the rearwardly extending lugs 32 with the rods 29 will cause any levers, which have previously been operated by another plunger to close corresponding contacts, to snap upwardly thereby opening their corresponding sending contacts and preventing any interference of the sending impulses.

It should be noted that each of the code plungers 30 is provided with a different arrangement of lugs 31 and 32, thereby providing a code wherein each plunger corresponds to a different legend and is operated by a corresponding key and controls corresponding sending contacts for transmitting a predetermined code.

A suitable mechanism is also provided in connection with the vertically movable code plungers 30, whereby the circuit of the latch-controlling magnet 2I of the distributor may be broken substantially simultaneously with the closing of l the sending contacts by the forwardly extending lugs 3|. This breaking of the circuit is preferably accomplished by means of suitable relays which are illustrated in Fig. 6. However, in Fig. 1 a simple fundamental circuit is shown diagrammatically with a single switch for breaking the circuit and the relays are omitted for purposes of illustration and description.

One object of breaking the circuit by means of relays, instead of the method illustrated in Fig. 1, is in order to properly time the relative operations of the device and thereby permit eflicient sending and receiving by the same typewriter.

In order to break the circuit of the control magnet 2|, the universal lever or bar 1 is provided which may be identical in all respects to levers l to 6 inclusive, except that it does not require a toggle or snap movement, but instead is provided with a spring 34 normally retaining the forward end of the lever in raised position with its corresponding universal bar contacts 1 closed (Fig. 1). The contacts l are arranged to make and break the circuit of the magnet 2| as illustrated, with each operation of a key.

All of the vertically movable plungers 30 are provided at their lower ends with a forwardly extending lug 35. These lugs are arranged to engage the rod 28 of the universal bar I during the downward movement of the plunger 30 and thereby open the contacts I and release the arm l6 of the distributor for a revolution. The code members or plungers 30 are normally pressed upwardly by means of springs 36 and return to the raised position shown in Fig. 1 as soon as the typewriter keys are released.

It will be apparent that suitable relays such as previously mentioned in connection with Fig. 6, as well as the supplementary solenoid circuit previously mentioned, are desirable in order that the relative functions of the circuits may be accurately timed and the arm l6 permitted to rotate only once with each depression of a key, even if the key is retained in its downward position for a greater length of time than the time necessary for a single revolution.

It will also be apparent from the previous description that the downward movement of any typewriter key will close a cirmuit or circuits to predetermined distributor segments in accordance with a predetermined code and that impulses corresponding thereto will be transmitted over the conductor 22 to the distant machine as the brush [5 of of Fig. 1 passes over the segments or when the cam surfaces 25 closes the distributor contacts if the distributor illustrated in Fig. 6 is used.

Referring particularly to Fig. 1, the sending contacts I to (i inclusive, of the typewriter are electrically connected to the distributor segments to 5, respectively, as illustrated. Therefore, when any of the switches are closed by the operation of a typewriter key, impulses correspond ing to the code will be transmitted through the distributor H3 and over the line 22 to the distant distributor H, and, as these distributors operate in synchronism, the impulses will be transmitted through corresponding segments on the distributor H to the predetermined ones of the six selector control magnets 23, which latter are connected to the corresponding segments of the distributor ll by suitable conductors in the same manner and in the same relation as the sending contacts I to (i inclusive, are connected to the distributor Ill. The six selector magnets 23 are for the purpose of controlling the pneumatic se lector system diagrammatically illustrated in Figs. 1 and 4.

Fig. 7. illustrates the auxiliary control circuits which may be used in connection with the impulse transmitting and receiving arrangement of the fundamental circuit illustrated in Fig. l. The entire electrical system, including the control circuits of Fig. '7, is illustrated in Fig. 6 in connection with the cam type of distributors previously mentioned. The auxiliary circuits are for the purpose of accurately timing and controlling the various operations of the system and are particularly arranged to prevent confusion in the transmission and reception of the impulses and to prevent more than one revolution of the distributors with the operation of a single typewriter key. They also control the circuits in a manner whereby certain connections may be reversed in order that the same typewriter may be used both for sending and receiving. The control circuits, however, are refinements and improvements which may be added to the fundamental arrangement illustrated in Fig. l. The pneumatic selector system will, therefore, now be described and the control system, as illustrated in Figs. 6, '7, and 8, will be described later.

The entire selector system, as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, is electro-pneumatically controlled and comprises a purality of code bars I, 2 3, 5 and 5 In the present embodiment six code bars are shown. However, it will be apparent that a greater or less number may be used in accordance with a desired code transmission and that the distributors may be provided with a corresponding number of segments. These code bars are illustrated in transverse section in Fig. 2 and comprise elongated members having passages therethrough and having therein a plurality of valves or so-called pouches whereby the selector conduits for controlling the operation of the receiving typewriter keys may be opened or closed. The distribution and location of these pouches are illustrated in Fig. 10, the pouches being preferably longitudinally staggered in the individual code bars, as illustrated, for convenience in reducingthe length of the code bars and the overall size of the entire device.

The code bars, as illustrated in Fig. 2, are provided with pouch chambers 3?, and all of the transversely aligned rows of, pouch chambers are connected together by suitable conduits to form a single selector conduit 38 under each trans verse row of pouches. The code bars may comprise a base strip 33, a cover strip 45, and a thin sheet 4!, preferably of leather although it may be of other suitable material, positioned between the strips 39 and 55. The continuous strip of leather 4! may form all of the pouches in a single code bar.

The cover strip of each code bar is provided with a channel 42 communicating with some of the pouch chambers and in which a vacuum or suction is normally maintained, and a channel 43 communicating with all of the other pouch chambers in the same code bar and which channel is normally open to atmospheric pressure; that is, a vacuum is normally applied in the channel 42, whereby the pouches in the code bar which are connected thereto may normally remain open as illustrated in Fig. 2. The remaining pouches in the same code bar are connected to the cover channel 43, which is normally open to atmospheric pressure, and the latter pouches are therefore normally maintained closed by atmospheric pressure due to a vacuum or suction which is normally applied on the opposite side of the pouch and in the connecting key operating conduit 38.

It will be understood that, while desirable, it is not essential that the pouches be formed in units such as the code bars illustrated; that is, individual pouches may be used and connected by the necessary channels or conduits.

The first code ban-that is, No. !is provided with a longitudinal channel 44, which communicates as illustrated with each of the transverse conduits 38. Therefore, when either vacuum or atmospheric pressure is applied in the channel 44, the pouches may be controlled accordingly by the variation of pressure in the channels 42 and 43 and in the key operating conduit 38.

A separate so-called selector valve 45 is provided which comprises a similar pouch 46 for controlling a plunger valve member 41 normally arranged to maintain an air inlet 48 closed and to permit the application of sub-atmospheric pressure or so-called vacuum to the longitudinal channel 54 of the code bar I" through a suitable connecting conduit 43. The vacuum may be provided by any suitable vacuum pump connected to a passage 58 in the selector valve 45. A vacuum is, therefore, normally maintained in the conduit t9, the channel 44, and the conduits 38.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section through the six code bars and is taken on a line corresponding to line 2-2 of Fig. 10, which latter illustrates the code arrangement of the pouches and in which the normally closed pouches are illustrated by heavy line circles and the normally open pouches are illustrated by light line circles. Each transverse line of pouches controls its respective channel 33 and thereby its respective typewriter key. The particular transverse line of pouches illustrated in Fig. 2 is intended to control the operation of the A key on the typewriter. Therefore, the pouches in code bars I and 2 of the A line are normally closed, that is, in a position to close the conduit 38, while the pouches in the code bars 3, 5, 5 and 5 of the same line are normally open, as illustrated, to conform to the predetermined code. Each conduit 58 from each transverse row of pouches communicates with a key controlling pouch or valve 5|, arranged to operate a corresponding key on the typewriter when atmospheric pressure is admitted thereto.

One of the key operating valves 5! is illustrated in section in Fig. 5. This valve comprises a casing 52, having a pouch 53 therein, which is normally maintained in its lowered position, as illustrated, by the vacuum or suction in the conduit 38. A second valve 54 is positioned above the pouch 53 and normally closes a passage 55, communicating with a bellows 56, which is normally open as shown. A vacuum is applied to the valve chamber by any suitable means through a passage 51 and normally retains the valve 54 closed as illustrated. A bleeder strip 5ll is arranged adjacent all of the conduits 38 and provided with a vacuum channel 51* having bleeder passages into each conduit, thereby nor mally balancing the vacuum on both sides of pouch 53 and also assisting in maintaining the normal vacuum in the conduits 38.

It will, therefore, be apparent that, if atmospheric pressure is admitted from the selector valve 45 and through the conduit 49 and the code bar conduit 38 by operation of the selector valve 45 (Fi 2), the pouch 53 (Fig. 5) will be raised due to the normal vacuum above the pouch, and the upward movement of the pouch 53, which is of much larger area than the valve 54, will operate to open the valve 54 and permit the vacuum to be applied directly therethrough to the bellows B. The bellows 56 will, therefore, immediately collapse and operate the key 32 of the typewriter through the link connection 5E5 which is hooked over the typewriter key. Each key of the typewriter may be operated in a similar manner by the automatic control of the various transverse rows of pouches in the code bars.

The above described operation of the typewriter key, in accordance with the impulses sent from a distant typewriter, is performed substantially at the time that the brushes l5 on the distributor arm l6 leave the segment 5 and make contact with the segment 6 of the distributor; that is, the key operation does not take place until the arm Iii has made contact with segment 6, so that all of the impulses may be properlydistributed to the selector control magnets 23. In order that the opening of the air inlet 48 of valve 45 (Fig. 2) may be accurately timed to admit atmospheric pressure and permit the typewriter key to be operated, a conduit 58 communicates with the under-side of the pouch 46 and is provided with a normally closed pivoted valve 59 having an outwardly extending springpressed arm 60 secured thereto and arranged to be moved by the distributor arm H5 or means synchronized therewith to temporarily open the passage 58 immediately after all of the impulses have been distributed or substantially simultaneously with the impulse from the sixth segment. When the valve 59 is opened to admit atmospheric pressure under the pouch 46, the pouch is raised due to the vacuum in the valve 45, and the plunger 41 is thereby raised to admit atmospheric pressure to the conduit 49 and channel 44 at the same time that the vacuum passage through the valve is closed by means of a valve element BI on the plunger 41. The air conduit 58 is immediately closed again after the passage of the arm IB and the valve plunger 4'! returns to its original position, as illustrated, due to the difierence in area of the various valve elements therein and due to the fact that a bleeder passage 58 is provided to equalize the vacuum on both sides of the pouch 46. The vacuum is therefore again applied to the code bars through the channel 44, whereby the code bar pouches are immediately returned to their normal condition.

A so-called restoring valve and other control valves are provided for controlling and accurately timing the operation of the various pouches. These valves are particularly arranged for simultaneously controlling all of the various transverse lines of pouches in the code bars, so that only the one transverse conduit 38 corresponding to the key to be operated may be open at one time. In Fig. 10, it will be noted that, in the transverse line of pouches for controlling the A key, two pouches are normally closed and four pouches are normally open. In the next transverse line of pouches for controlling the typewriter key for printing the numeral 2, four pouches are normally closed and two pouches are open. The relation of the pouches in all of the transverse lines is arranged to form a code corresponding to the various keys of the typewriter.

It should, therefore, be understood that all r closed pouches in a single code bar are opened simultaneously with the closing of all open pouches in the same code bar. This prevents the opening of more than one transverse conduit 38 at one time and consequently prevents the operation of more than one key at one time; for instance, when the two impulses are received corresponding to the A key 33, all of the closed pouches in code bars I and 2 are opened and all open pouches in the same code bars are closed. The code arrangement of pouches therefore prevents any of the key conduits 38 being opened to atmospheric pressure except the A conduit.

The pneumatic control system for the code bars is illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, and certain of the interconnecting control valves are illustrated in section in Fig. 3. As illustrated in Figs. 1, 3, and 4, a selector valve 62 is provided for each of the code bars I to 6, respectively, and the operation of these valves is controlled by the corresponding selector magnets I to 6, respectively. The valves for controlling the code bar I are illustrated in section in Fig. 3, and it will be understood that a similar set of valves is provided for each code bar. In each set, the plunger 63 of the valve 62 is retained in its closed position shown by means of vacuum applied to the chamber of the valve in any suitable manner through a passage 64. A vacuum is also normally applied to a conduit 66 and underneath the pouch 55 by a bleeder passage 61. A normally closed selector magnet valve 68 is arranged to admit atmospheric pressure into the channel 66, when the selector magnet i is operated. This valve comprises a metallic valve element 69, which is raised by the operation of the magnet to permit atmospheric pressure to enter the conduit and underneath the pouch 65. It will be apparent that as soon as atmospheric pressure is permitted to enter underneath the pouch 65 by the operation of the selector magnet valve 68, the valve plunger 63 will raise and close the vacuum passage in the valve and open another conduit 10 to atmospheric pressure.

The conduit H3 communicates with chambers underneath pouches H and i2 in suitable codebar controlling valves 13 and 14, respectively. The control valve 13 communicates with code bar channel 42 of its respective code bar through a conduit '15, and the controlling valve 14 communicates with the code bar channel 43 of the same code bar through a conduit 16. A vacuum is therefore normally applied to the code bar channel 42 through the valve 13, and as the channel 42 communicates with all of the normally raised or so-called open pouches in the code bar, which normally maintain the code arrangement of the pouches, these pouches will remain in open position as long as the valve 13 is maintained in the position shown with a vacuum supplied therefrom to the conduit 15.

The conduit l5, communicating with the corresponding code bar channel 43, is normally supplied with atmospheric pressure through the valve 14, and as the code bar channel 13 com-' municates with all of the pouches in. its code bar which are normally in closed position to maintain the code arrangement, these pouches will remain closed as long as the vacuum is normally applied thereto through the conduit 49 and the channel 44, the latter, as previously explained, communicating with the under-side of all of the pouches. It will also be apparent that whenever the selector magnet is energized by receiving an impulse from the sending typewriter, the valves E3 and 14 will reverse their normal position shown and atmospheric pressure will then be supplied to the channel 82 of the code bar, and a vacuum will be applied to the channel 43 of the code bar, thereby reversing the position of all of the pouches of the code bar controlled by the particular magnet energized.

The reversal of the normal position of the valves "i3 and 14 does not cause the operation of the typewriter key, as a vacuum still exists in the channel 38 and prevents the operation of the key operating valve 5!. However, as the distributor arm l6 contacts the sixth segment, it momentarily raises the valve arm 68 of the pivoted valve 59 and thereby admits atmospheric pressure to the key conduit 38 through the selector valve 45 and the channel 49 and permits the operation of the key.

The operation of each selector magnet 23 and associated valve 68 is momentary; that is, the time period during which the magnet valve 68 is open is very short due to the high speed of the distributor arm I6 as it passes over the distributor segments. In order to maintain the valves 13 and M in their reversed position to which they are moved after operation of the selector magnet, until all impulses are received and the key is operated, a so-called storing pouch 11 is provided, the underside of which communicates with the conduit 66 and the upper-side communicates with the conduit 16. It will be apparent that normally the storing pouch I! will be maintained in the lowered position shown by the normal vacuum in the conduit 86, and thereby the conduit 86 will be maintained closed. However, as soon as atmospheric pressure is admitted to the conduit 88 by the operation of the selector magnet valve 68, the reversal of the valves 62, 13, and 14 takes place and a vacuum is then applied in the conduit 18 and atmospheric pressure in conduit 66, and the pouch 11 will be raised, opening the conduit 66 and thereby maintaining atmospheric pressure in the conduit 66 even after the selector magnet valve 88 has closed.

The atmospheric pressure is admitted under pouch Ti and into conduit 66 by a conduit '18 open to atmospheric pressure through a valve 18, which latter, together with a second valve 80 communicating therewith, provides a pair of so-called restoring valves. The valve 19 is provided with a pouch BI and a valve member 82. The valve 88 is provided with a pouch 83 and a valve member 84. These restoring valves are connected by means of a conduit 85 which communicates with the lower side of the pouch 8| and the upper side of the pouch 83. These pouches are normally maintained in the lowered position shown by the application of a vacuum through passages 88 and 88 respectively. A conduit 8? communicates with the under-side of the pouch 83 and is provided with a bleeder passage 87 and its opposite end is provided with a pivoted valve 88 having a spring-pressed arm 89 pressure will then be admitted through the conduit 85 and underneath the pouch 8| of the valve 19. The valve member 82 will therefore raise and vacuum will then be applied to the storing pouch ii through conduit 78. This application of vacuum to the storing pouch Tl will cause this pouch to be immediately lowered and close the conduit 66 and thereby restore the control valves 83, 73, and 14 to their normal position. The pivoted valve 88, of course, immediately closes, and the valves l9 and 88 return to their original position. By this means, all of the valves and pouches are immediately restored to their normal positions as soon as atmospheric pressure is admitted to the key-operating valve 5| to cause the operation of the typewriter key.

It should, of course, be understood that the operation of all of the valves and pouches is substantially simultaneous and has been started and completed during a single rotation of the distributor arm 16*. The relative arrangement of the valves, pouches, and conduits with the controlling magnets is illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 4.

As previously mentioned, all of the typewriters in the system are provided with complete sending and receiving equipment, and it is desirable, therefore, that when the key of the receiving typewriter is operated, the electrical circuits should be so controlled that impulses will not be sent over the line from the receiving typewriter to the sending typewriter. Means is therefore provided, preferably in connection with valve 45 and which operates simultaneously therewith, to prevent completing the sending circuit when receiving. This will be described later.

It will be apparent that when the pneumatic system just described operates a key of the receiving typewriter, the universal bar will be operated and its contact l will be opened to break the circuit to the magnet 2i for controlling the distributor latch I8.

It should be remembered that the control circuit of the magnet 2| controlling the operation of the latch i8 is shown in Fig. 1 merely as a conventional circuit which is connected to a power source through the contacts l and this circuit is, therefore, broken by the universal bar whenever a key is operated. However, as previously stated, the preferrred form of the electrical system is shown, in Fig. 6, and the control circuits alone are illustrated in detail in Fig. 9. In this preferred form the closed control circuit of the start-stop magnet is not broken directly by the operation of the universal. bar during sending, but, instead, the universal bar controls relays which operate to breakthe start-stop magnet circuit and to further correctly control and time the associated operations of the device from the sending station.

In this embodiment two relays are provided which, for purposes of this description, will be designated as relay No. 1 and relay No. 2. One side of each of the various circuits is shown connected to a suitable grounded power source indicated by the plus or positive sign, the opposite side of the circuit being connected to a suitable ground. It will be apparent that a return conductor may be used if desired. The relays No. 1 and No. 2

are controlled from the universal bar by means of normally open contacts 98 and 9!, respective ly, the circuit through the No. 1 relay comprising a conductor 92 leading to one side of both relays and a conductor 93 connected to the opposite side of the relay No. 1 and also connected to the ground. through normally closed contacts 94. The contacts 94 may be positioned directly over the selector valve 45 and in a position to be opened by the plunger 41 when the valve is operated bythe admission of atmospheric pressure thereto during the latter part of each rotation of the distributor. This resets the relays and assists in preventing more than one revolution of the distributor and properly times the various functions of the circuits. It will be apparent that a separate pouch may be provided to operate the contacts 94, if desired, and it will only be necessary to connect the under-side of this pouch to the conduit 38 and it will then operate to break the circuit simultaneously with the operation of valve 45.

The universal bar contact 9| is connected to relay No. 2 by means of a conductor 95, and when the universal bar operates to close both of the contacts 99 and 9I, relay No. 1 operates to close a normally open relay contact 96, which connects the conductor 92 to a conductor 92 which latter is connected to a normally open contact 92 operatively associated with the starting impulse contacts I of the distributor and which will automatically close as soon as the cam member 24 starts its rotation and will thereby, with contact 96 of relay No. l, maintain the No. l relay circuit closed during rotation of the cam disk 24 until valve 45 operates to break the ground circuit, thereby keeping the key impulse circuits closed and the circuits of the selector magnets 23 open until operation of valve 45. The contacts 92 and 96 are for the purpose of maintaining relay No. 1 closed during operation of the distributor until operation of valve 45, even though the universal bar is immediately released and reopens the contact 99.

Simultaneously with the operation of the relay No. l, a normally open contact 91, in series with the sending contacts I to 6 respectively (Fig. '7), is closed whereby the key impulses may be transmitted when the distributors are released. Also simultaneously with the closing of the sending contact circuit, a normally closed contact 98, which is in series with the selector magnets 23, is opened, thereby preventing operation of the selector magnets 23 of the sending typewriter while messages are being transmitted therefrom.

Substantially simultaneously with the operation of relay No. l, the circuit of relay No. 2 is closed by the closing of the contacts 9! by the universal bar. The operation of relay No. 2 opens a normally closed contact 99 which breaks the circuit of the latch controlling or start-stop magnet 2I and permits the operation of the distributors. Also, simultaneously with the opening of the switch 99 a normally open contact I99 is closed. This switch grounds the circuit of relay No. 2 to retain the relay closed independently of the universal bar contact 9| and until released by relay No. 1.

As soon as the distributors start, the distributor contact I, which is in series with the line 22, the start-stop magnets 2|, and relay controlled contact 99, is opened. Therefore, if for any reason, such as sticking of a key, relay No. 1 does not open, the entire system is blocked or stopped. This prevents interference between sending and receiving circuits. During the latter portion of the revolution of the distributor cam 24, the contact 92 is opened and the relay No. l circuit is thereby broken and the contact 96 opens the circuit of relay No. 2.

The control circuit arrangement just described may be successfully operated; however, it has been found preferable to eliminate the contact 91 in the sending circuit, which contact is controlled by relay I and to cause this relay or other suitable relays operating simultaneously therewith, to break all of the sending switch connections by means of relay operated contacts B. The operation of the system is the same in either case; however, when the sending mechanism is arranged as described to store a permutation in the sending contacts until the operation of a succeeding typewriter key, the latter method of operation prevents shorting between distributor circuits.

In order to accurately control the operation of the latch I8, a solenoid I9I is positioned below the latch I8. This solenoid is connected to the ground and is in series with a normally open contact I92 connected to the plus side of a power source. The contact I92 is normally retained open by the latch I8 when in its distributor locking position. The solenoid I9I is provided with a plunger armature I 93 which is normally retained by gravity or otherwise in its lowered position, as shown in Fig. 6, and may be raised by closing the solenoid circuit. When the circuit of the latch magnet 2! is broken to permit the latch to release the distributor cam 24, the left hand end of the latch moves downwardly and permits the solenoid contact I92 to close, thereby energizing the solenoid and causing the armature to immediately raise and return the latch I 8 nearly, but not quite, to its normal position. That is, the armature I 93 is provided with a stop nut 194 which limits the upward movement of the armature so that, while the latch I9 is returned near enough to normal position to engage the pin 29 on the distributor cam and prevent more than one revolution, it does not raise it sufficiently to break the solenoid contact I92. However, as soon as the distributor cam 24 has nearly completed its revolution, it will close the contact I and thereby cause the magnet 2| to again be energized and to cause the raising of the latch I8 sufiiciently to open the solenoid contact I92 and thereby break the solenoid'circuit and permit the armature I93 to return to its normal position shown. It will be apparent that by this arrangement of control circuits and relays, the operations of the entire device will be accurately timed and there will be no interference in the sending and receiving currents.

During receiving, and simultaneously with the control of the pouches and the consequent operation of the key of the receiving typewriter through operation of the valve 45, the associated contacts 94 are opened by the .valve 45, thereby breaking the ground conductor 93 of relay No. 1 and preventing operation of the relay when the universal bar contacts close. Therefore, the operation of the typewriter keys when receiving cannot cause impulses to be sent, as the relay cannot operate to close the sending circuit contacts 91 nor to open the receiving circuit contacts 98.

The impulse circuit for one selector magnet 23 and one typewriter key at each station is shown in Fig. 8, and it will be apparent from the previous description that when the key 32 is depressed to send from the station I9, its associated relay No. 1 will operate to open the contact 98 in the receiving circuit of the selector magnet I and simultaneously close the impulse sending circuit whereby the impulse may be sent through the line 22 by operation of the distributors and will operate the selector magnet at station H through its normally closed receiving circuit. The sending of impulses by the receiving operation of the keys at the receiving station is prevented by means previously described. It will, of course, be understood that the above described operation is automatically reversed when sending from station II to station H].

A plurality of typewriters may be connected in the system and all provided with similar electrical and pneumatic controls, and typewritten matter may be transmitted from any typewriter of the system to the other machines, and the various control devices will switch the various circuits in a manner to prevent sending of impulses in more than one direction at one time.

Avery desirable feature of the pneumatic selector as shown in the present embodiment is that all of the channels and conduits, and particularly the key-controlling conduits 38, are sealed over their entire length and there are no frictional valve surfaces or joints to cause leakage or to stick and prevent normal operation of the device. The conduit 38 for each transverse line of pouches is continuous and the pouches are merely flexible or collapsible portions comprising blocking means for the conduits and require only small variations in pneumatic pressure to operate successfully. Therefore, the impulse current may be utilized to operate the receiving selector magnets 23 and ordinarily no local or auxiliary power source is required. A single selector valve 45 may be used to admit atmospheric pressure to all of the keyoperating conduits, and the conduits and channels of the code-selecting and resetting pouches and valves, including the magnet-operated valves 53 do not communicate with the key-operating conduits.

As previously stated, with each operation of a sending key the universal bar of the sending machine closes the contacts 9| to cause operation of control relay No, 2, and the receiving machine also closes its contacts 9| when the selector operates the receiving key. However, it is desirable to prevent operation of relay No. 2 at the receiving station as long as the universal bar retains the contacts 9| closed. Therefore, simultaneously with the operation of valve 45 and the consequent operation of the receiving typewriter key, the circuit 93 is broken by the valve 45 operating on contacts 94.

The operation of valve 45, however, is only momentary, and while this operation serves to time the breaking of the relay circuit with the operation of the universal bar, it may not, in itself, retain the circuit broken until the universal bar returns to normal position to permit the contacts 9! to open.

In order to retain the contacts 94 open a suflicient length of time after operation of valve 45, an arm 94 is provided on one of the contacts 94 and arranged to be engaged by a cam 94 on the distributor substantially simultaneously with the operation of the valve 45. This elongated cam 94 retains the contacts 94 open until immediately before the distributor arrives at its stopped position, or, in other words, until the universal bar returns to its normal position and the contacts 9| are again opened.

It will be apparent that if the cam 94 is sufiiciently accurate to time the breaking of the contacts 94 with the operation of valve 45, it is not necessary to break the contacts with the valve plunger. However, the above described arrangement is desirable in order to assure accurate timing.

One method of frictionally attaching the distributor cam 24 to the drive shaft I1 is illustrated in Fig. 11 and comprises a flanged bushing I95 on which the cam is supported by two friction washers I05 which are retained in operative relation by means of a spring washer H38 and adjusting lock nuts I01 threaded on the bushing. The bushing is fixed to the shaft I1.

Modifications may be made in detail by those skilled in the art, and it is desired, therefore, that the invention be limited only by the prior art and the scope of the appended claims. It will be understood that the word pouches as used herein is not necessarily limited to the type of blocking means illustrated,

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. In a printing telegraph system, a distributor, a plurality of code sending contacts electrically connected with said distributor for sending code impulses over said line, electrical means electrically connected to said distributor for receiving impulses from said line, and automatically operable means for making said sending means ineffective during receiving.

2. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a standard typewriter, of a distributor for transmitting electrical impulses to a line and receiving impulses therefrom, a plurality of contacts arranged to be operated by the keys of said typewriter and electrically connected to said distributor to send code impulses to said line, a selector arranged to cause the operation of the keys of said typewriter in accordance with received code impulses, means electrically connected to said distributor to receive said code impulses and arranged to control the operation of said selector in accordance therewith, automatic means to prevent sending during receiving operation of said keys, and automatic means to make said receiving means ineifective during sending.

3. In an automatic control for a printing telegraph rotary distributor, normally energized electrical means restraining said distributor, means to deenergize said restraining means to release said distributor, means automatically operable to restrain said distributor after one revolution, and means to re-energize said normally energized electrical means to normally maintain said distributor locked independently of said last means.

4. In a control for a printing telegraph rotary distributor, means normally locking said distributor against rotation, means to release said locking means, auxiliary means to re-position said locking means to prevent more than one rotation of said distributor, means to make said releasing means effective to retain said locking means, and means to simultaneously make said auxiliary means ineffective.

5. A control for a printing telegraph distributor having a normally restrained rotatable member, comprising a latch for locking said member against rotation, electrically controlled means to normaily retain said latch in looking position and operable to release said latch to permit rotation of said member, auxiliary electrical means for returning and retaining said latch to locking position to prevent more than one rotation of said member, and means controlled by said distributor for making said first latch control means effective and said auxiliary control means ineffective.

6. In a distributor for a printing telegraph system, a normally restrained rotatable member, a latch for restraining said member, means normally tending to release said latch, electrical means normally retaining said latch and operable to release said latch to permit operation of said rotatable member, a normally de-energized electrical device to quickly return said latch to locking position after release by said retaining means, and means to make said retaining means effective and said latch returning means inefiective.

7. In a printing telegraph system, a typewriter, a distributor having a predetermined number of contacts for transmitting code impulses to a line, means for coding the operation of said typewriter into electrical impulses and transmitting said impulses to said distributor contacts, and means electrically connected to the said distributor contacts for receiving impulses from said line.

8. In a printing telegraph system, a typewriter, a distributor having a predetermined number of contacts for transmitting code impulses to a line, means for coding the operation of said typewriter into electrical impulses and transmitting said impulses to said distributor contacts, means electrically connected to the said distributor contacts for receiving impulses from said line, and means for causing said received impulses to operate said typewriter.

9. In a printing telegraph system, a typewriter, a distributor having a predetermined number of contacts for transmitting code impulses to a line, means for coding the operation of said typewriter into electrical impulses and transmitting said impulses to said distributor contacts, means electrically connected to the said distributor contacts for receiving impulses from said line, means for causing said received impulses to operate said typewriter, and automatic means to prevent sending by the receiving operation of said typewriter.

10. A combined sending and receiving device for a printing telegraph system, comprising a distributor for electrically transmitting code impulses to and from a line, a typewriter, a plurality of sending contacts electrically connected to said distributor and arranged to automatically transmit code impulses to said distributor in accordance with the operation of. the keys of said typewriter, receiving selector magnets in parallel with said sending contacts and having a normally closed circuit, and means operable substantially simultaneously with the operation of said sending contacts to open said receiving circuit.

11. An automatic combined sending and receiving device for a printing telegraph system, comprising a distributor having a predetermined number of code-impulse transmitting contacts arranged to transmit impulses to and from a line, a corresponding number of sending contacts in series with said distributor contacts in a normally open circuit, a corresponding number of impulse receiving devices to receive incoming impulses in series with said distributor contacts and in parallel with said sending contacts in a normally closed receiving circuit, means for operating said sending contacts to send predetermined code-impulses, and means for automatically closing said sending circuit and opening said shunt receiving circuit during sending.

12. In a printing telegraph system, a typewriter, a normally restrained distributor for transmitting code-impulses to a line, electrical means normally connected to said line for restraining and releasing said distributor, means for coding the operation of said typewriter into electrical impulses and transmitting said impulses to said distributor, means for receiving code-impulses from said line, means to enable said received impulses to operate said typewriter, a relay controlled by the operation of said coding means to make the transmitting means efiective and the receiving means inefiective, a second relay controlled by the operation of said coding means to cause the operation of saiddistributor releasing means, means for retaining said first relay efiective after the start of the distributor and substantially simultaneously disconnecting said restraining and releasing means from said line, and means operable during each effective operation of said distributor to reset said first relay and connect said restraining and releasing means tothe line.

13. An automatically reversible printing telegraph system comprising means at each end of a line for transmitting and receiving code impulses, said means being automatically reversible for transmitting or receiving at either end, said receiving means comprising a plurality of penumatically controlled typewriter key operating devices, a plurality of pneumatically controlled sealed conduits each having a plurality of conduit blocking means associated therewith and normally efiective for blocking in accordance with a predetermined code, means controlled by the received impulses to make said blocking means ineffective in a predetermined conduit corresponding to received code impulses, and means for varying the pressure in said conduit to enable the operation of a corresponding key operating device.

14. An automatically reversible printing telegraph system comprising means at each end of a line for transmitting and receiving code impulses, said means being automatically reversible for transmitting or receiving at either end, said receiving means comprising a plurality of pneumatically controlled typewriter key operating devices, a plurality of pneumatically controlled sealed conduits each having a plurality of conduit blocking means associated therewith and normally effective for blocking in accordance with a predetermined code, pneumatic means to make said blocking means ineffective in a predetermined conduit, electrical means for controlling said pneumatic means in accordance with received code impulses, and means for varying the pressure in said conduit to enable the operation of a corresponding key operating device.

15. In a printing telegraph system, a type- Writer, means operable by the keys of said typewriter for translating the operation of the keys into combinations of timed electrical impulses, a series of electrical code-impulse receiving devices, a receiving typewriter, pneumatic decoding means controlled by the code-impulse receiving means for operating said receiving typewriter, said decoding means comprising a series of conduits conforming to the keys of the typewriter, a series of pneumatically operated blocking means in each conduit, said blocking means being normally relatively eiTective and ineffective in each channel in conformity with the code, pneumatic means independent of said conduits and operable by said code-impulse receiving means to make the blocking means inefiective in a channel corresponding to the translated code-impulses received for a single character, and automatic means to make a variation in pressure available to all of said conduitsto enable the operation of the receiving typewriter key associated with the open conduit.

16. In a combined electric and pneumatic selective system in which code signals are represented by permutations of a definite number of impulses, the combination of a normally closed starting line circuit, a combined transmitter and receiver at each station for imparting and receiving the code impulses, automatic means for breaking the starting line circuit and making a line circuit in acccrdance with either sending or receiving, and decoding means operable by the received impulses and'comprising conduits having blocking means associated therewith andinefiective to open said conduits to atmospheric pressure and arranged normally to be individually effective and ineffective relative to each conduit for blocking only and in accordance with said permutations, means whereby the received impulses make the blocking means ineiiective in a corresponding channel, and automatic means to admit atmospheric pressure to the unblocked channel.

17. In a combined electric and pneumatic selective system in which code signals are represented by permutations of a definite number of impulses of the same polarity, an electrical impulse receiving means, a pneumatic translating means controlled by said receiving means, said translating means comprising a plurality of conduits having normally sub-atmospheric pressure therein, a plurality of pouches associated with each channel and normally pneumatically retained in a relation to each conduit in accordance with the code permutations, means to change the relation. of the pouches in accordance with each definite number or set of impulses received, and automatic means to admit atmospheric pressure to the conduit corresponding to the definite number of impulses received.

18. In a combined electric and pneumatic selective system in which code signals are represented by permutations of a definite number of impulses of the same polarity, an electrical impulse receiving means, a pneumatic translating means controlled by said receiving means, said translating means comprising a plurality of conduits having normally sub-atmospheric pressure therein, a plurality of pouches associated with each channel and normally pneumatically retained in a relation to each conduit in accordance with the code permutations, means to change the relation of the pouches in accordance with each definite number or set of impulses received, automatic means to admit atmospheric pressure to the conduit corresponding to the definite number of impulses received, and pneumatic means to automatically restore said pouches.

19. In a printing telegraph system having means for transmitting code signals represented by permutations of a definite number of impulses and means to transmit and receive said impulses from and to a standard typewriter, a plurality of contact controlling code levers, means associated with the individual keys of said typewriter to operate said levers in accordance with the code, and to store each permutation until a succeeding key operation, and means controlled by said succeeding key operation to eliminate the preceding stored permutation.

20. In a printing telegraph system having means for transmitting code signals represented by permutations of a definite number of impulses and means to transmit and receive said im pulses from and to a standard typewriter, a re-' ceiving means comprising a pneumatic decoding device having a plurality of pressure controlling conduits corresponding in number to the maximum number of impulses in any one signal, valves for controlling said conduits to cause the operation of said de-coding device, and a corresponding number of magnets each operable by a single impulse for controlling the operation of a corresponding valve whereby the valves are operated in accordance with said permutations.

21. In a printing telegraph system comprising a normally energized line and coding means and de-coding means associated therewith, means for de-energizing said line and substantially simultaneously coding typewritten matter into permutations of electrical impulses and sending said impulses over said line to an electrical control means of a de-coding device, said de-coding device comprising means to translate said permutations of electrical impulses into permutations of pneumatic impulses, and means to translate each permutation of pneumatic impulses into a single pneumatic impulse corresponding to a predetermined typewriter key.

22. In a telegraph system of the character described, the combination with a rotary distributor, of means normally restraining said distributor against rotation and electrically controlled to enable rotation, and auxiliary means independent of said distributor automatically operable to control said restraining means to. assure stopping of said distributor at a predetermined point in its movement.

23. A telegraph system of the character described comprising a normally energized line, a plurality of rotary distributors electrically connected to. said line, a corresponding number of normally energized electrical means for normally restraining corresponding distributors from rotation, means for substantially simultaneously deenergizing said line and said restraining means to enable simultaneous rotation of said distributors to transmit impulses over said line, and normally de-energized electrical means associated with each distributor and automatically operable to assure stopping of its associated distributor at a predetermined point in its revolution.

24. In a telegraph system of the character described, a rotary distributor, normally energized electrical means restraining said distributor, means to de-energize said normally energized means to enable rotation of said distributor, automatically operable means to stop said distributor, automatic means to again energize said normally energized means to restrain said distribu tor, and means for making said stopping means ineffective when said normally energized means is energized.

25. In a telegraph system of the character described, a rotary distributor, normally energized electrical means restraining said distributor, means to de-energize said normally energized means to enable rotation of said distributor, automatically operable electrical means to stop said distributor, automatic means to again energize said normally energized means to restrain said distributor, and means for making said electrical stopping means ineffective when said normally energized means is energized.

26. A telegraph system comprising a line having a distributor associated therewith, a coding device constructed and arranged to send permutations of current impulses through said distributor to cause corresponding outgoing impulses in said line, a de-coding device constructed and arranged to receive and de-code impulses received through said distributor and corresponding to incoming impulses from said line, and means to prevent interference between incoming and outgoing impulses.

27. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a single distributor for transmitting code signals represented by permutations of a definite number of impulses from a typewriter to a line and from said line to said typewriter, of a receiving means comprising a pneumatic decoding device constructed and arranged to operate said typewriter to de-code said permutations and having a plurality of controlling conduits corresponding in number to the maximum number of impulses in any one permutation, and a corresponding number of electrical devices each operable by a single impulse for enabling the pressure in its corresponding conduit to be varied.

28. A pneumatid permutation de-coding device comprising a plurality of recording means corresponding in number with a predetermined number of permutations, an intercommunicating conduit system constructed and arranged to cause the operation of a recording means corresponding to a predetermined received permutation by a change of pressure in said system, a plurality of independently movable conduit blocking means for directing a change of pressure to a recording means in accordance with a received permutation, a control means comprising a conduit system pneumatically independent of said first conduit system, a plurality of impulse receiving means corresponding in number to the maximum number of impulses in a permutation and constructed and arranged to vary the pressure in said independent conduit system in accordance with received impulses and direct said varied pressure to selectively move said blocking means to enable the change of pressure in said first conduit system to cause the operation of a recording means in accordance with a corre-' sponding permutation.

29. A permutation de-coding device for a telegraph system of the character described comprising a plurality of receiving conduits having a predetermined pressure therein, impulse responsive means for selectively varying the pressure in said receiving conduits in accordance with the impulses in a received permutation, a plurality of recording conduits corresponding in number to a predetermined number of permutations, a plurality of pressure operable blocking means for said conduits, all of said elements being constructed and arranged to enable a variation of pressure in said selected first conduits in accordance with impulses to cause a variation in pressure in a permutation conduit.

30. A permutation de-coding device for a telegraph system of the character described comprising a plurality of receiving conduits, im-

r pulse responsive means for varying the pressure in conduits selected thereby in accordance with impulses in a received permutation, a plurality of recording conduits, a plurality of pressure operable blocking means for said conduits, all of said elements being constructed and arranged to enable the said variation of pressure in said receiving conduits in accordance with impulses to cause a variation in pressure in a recording conduit selected in accordance with the corresponding permutation.

31. In a printingtelegraph system of the character described, a receiving and de-coding device comprising a plurality of recording conduits corresponding in, number to a predetermined number of permutations, a recording device associated with each conduit and constructed and arranged to operate in response to avariation in pressure in its associated conduit, a plurality of individually movable blocking means associated with each conduit, and means operable by received impulses to move selected blocking means to cause variation in pressure in a selected permutation conduit.

32. In a telegraph system, the combination with an electrical permutation-impulse distributor, of a plurality of pneumatic valves corresponding in number to the maximum number of impulses in any one permutation, and a corresponding number of valve operating means, each electrically controlled in response to a COIIG? sponding impulse from said distributor, and pneumatic means in operative communication with said valves for translating signals into mechanical movements, said pneumatic means including a plurality of pneumatically operable translating valves for selecting signals from said distributor through said electrically controlled valves.

33. In atelegraph system, the combination with an electrical permutation-impulse distributor, of a plurality of pneumatic valves corresponding in number to the maximum number of impulses in any one permutation, and a corresponding number of valve operating means, each electrically controlled in response to a corresponding impulse from said distributor, pneumatic means in operative communication with said valves for translating signals into mechanical movements, said pneumatic means including a plurality of pneumatically operable translating valves for selecting signals from said distributor through said electrically controlled valves, and a plurality of valves intermediate said electrically controlled valves and said transating valves for pneumatic controlling-connection with said translating valves.

34. In a telegraph system, the combination with an electrical permutation-impulse distributor, of a plurality of pneumatic valves corresponding in number to the maximum number of impulses in any one permutation, and a corresponding number of valve operating means, each electrically controlled in response to a corresponding impulse from said distributor, pneumatic means in operative communication with said valves for translating signals into mechanical movements, said pneumatic means including a plurality of pneumatically operable translating valves for selecting signals from said distributor through said electrically controlled valves, and. pneumatic means for synchronous operation relative to said distributor to restore said translating valves.

35. In a telegraph system, the combination with an electrical permutation-impulse distributor, of a plurality of pneumatic valves corresponding in number to the maximum number of impulses in any one permutation, and a corresponding number of valve operating means, each electrically controlled in response to a corresponding impulse from said distributor, pneumatic means in operative communication with said valves for translating signals into mechanical movements, said pneumatic means including a plurality of pneumatically operable translating valves for selecting signals from said distributor a plurality of pneumatically operable translating valves for selecting. signals from said distributor through said electrically controlled valves, a plurality-of valves intermediate said electrically controlled valves'. and said translating valves for pneumatic controlling-connection with said translating valves, pneumatic means for syn-.

chronous operation relative to said distributor to restore saidtranslating valves, and pneumatically operated receiver means responsive to said 10 translator valves.

HENRY W. KLOID. OTTO F. SCI-IULZ. 

